Overall length of the weapon with the stock extended is 35 inches while a folded stock creates a more compact 24-inch form - suitable for close-in fighting. This is largely due to the heavier cartridge and sound suppression system, which lower the muzzle velocity considerably. As with most "silenced" weapons, range is limited when compared to that of traditional, non-silenced assault rifles - the AS Val managing effectiveness out to 300 meters with a maximum "reach" out to 400 meters. Rate-of-fire is approximately 900 rounds per minute with a muzzle velocity of about 970 feet per second. As in other Kalashnikov guns, the gas cylinder is set above the barrel. The firing action of the AS holds origins in the tried-and-true Kalashnikov pattern and consists of a conventional gas-operation with a rotating bolt. Sighting does include standard adjustable iron fixtures (rear sector sight, front post) while various optics (including night scopes) can be installed along the top of the receiver. Therefore, scopes or other accessories can be affixed to the weapon. The sights are affixed to the silencer assembly which clears the upper receiver from structural "clutter". A selector switch near the trigger allows for full-automatic or single-shot fire modes. The silencer is designed and constructed in such a way that the weapon can fire on full-automatic consistently without the silencer assembly suffering any irreversible fracturing in the short-term. Ahead of this is the principle identifying feature of the AS Val - the heavy duty silencer which appears as nothing more than a featureless cylinder simply added to the gun structure. There is a short forend handgrip set ahead of the receiver and magazine regions. A magazine release is noted just aft of the magazine well and ahead of the trigger component - a Kalashnikov identifier. The specialized cartridges stacked within the magazine make the magazine deeper than a traditional box. Magazines are fed just ahead of the trigger group and include 10-, 20- or 30-round detachable, curved box magazines though the 20-round version appears as the standard for the series. Its skeletal nature ensures a lighter overall weight and does not impede regular gun functions for the charging handle and ejection port are set to the right side of the body. The buttstock consists of a metal framework and is collapsible over the left side of the receiver. The trigger is large, suitable for a gloved hand, while the pistol grip is rather plain and not as rearward-angled as in other Kalashnikov-style weapons. The receiver holds the major internal working components while the trigger group and pistol grip are well-integrated into the weapon's layout. Outwardly, the AS Val showcases conventional lines consistent with other assault rifle designs. As a whole, the AS Val is key to the stealthy nature required of certain combat elements - where neutralizing unsuspecting sentries or fighting one's way out of trouble without garnering unneeded attention is something of a trademark. This modified Soviet/Russian cartridge has continued to find growing use throughout other specialized weapon families of the Russian military since its inception. The weapon is chambered for the "9x39mm SP-6" cartridge which is a rifle-caliber 7.62x39mm case with a special "widened" neck designed to accept a 9mm bullet - the latter a cartridge very common to semi-automatic pistols and submachine guns. The heart of the AS Val is its "subsonic" ammunition which works extremely well in conjunction with the silencer component. The AS Val first appeared in Soviet inventories in 1987 and has since been issued (primarily) to special forces (including Spetsnaz) and top-level security groups though it has also become a staple of the regular Soviet/Russian Army over time. The weapon was designed by the TsNITITochMash state design bureau while production was charged to the famous Tula Arms Plant, the latter amazingly in existence since 1712. The AS Val is a specialized automatic firearm of Soviet-era origin - essentially an assault rifle weapon system with a permanent silencer installed for clandestine operations.
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